timmy zrewidował ten Gist 10 months ago. Przejdź do rewizji
1 file changed, 170 insertions
enhanced_user_with_mixins.py(stworzono plik)
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| 1 | + | import datetime | |
| 2 | + | import json | |
| 3 | + | import traceback | |
| 4 | + | import threading | |
| 5 | + | ||
| 6 | + | class LoggingMixin: | |
| 7 | + | """ 提供日誌功能的 Mixin 類別，可選擇寫入控制台或檔案 """ | |
| 8 | + | ||
| 9 | + | def __init__(self, log_to_file=False, log_file="app.log", *args, **kwargs): | |
| 10 | + | self.log_to_file = log_to_file | |
| 11 | + | self.log_file = log_file | |
| 12 | + | super().__init__(*args, **kwargs) | |
| 13 | + | ||
| 14 | + | def log(self, message): | |
| 15 | + | """ 記錄日誌 """ | |
| 16 | + | timestamp = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") | |
| 17 | + | log_message = f"[{timestamp}] {self.__class__.__name__}: {message}" | |
| 18 | + | if self.log_to_file: | |
| 19 | + | with open(self.log_file, "a") as f: | |
| 20 | + | f.write(log_message + "\n") | |
| 21 | + | else: | |
| 22 | + | print(log_message) | |
| 23 | + | ||
| 24 | + | class TimestampMixin: | |
| 25 | + | """ 提供時間標記功能，支援時區與 ISO 格式 """ | |
| 26 | + | ||
| 27 | + | def __init__(self, timezone="UTC", *args, **kwargs): | |
| 28 | + | self.timezone = timezone | |
| 29 | + | self.created_at = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc).isoformat() | |
| 30 | + | self.updated_at = self.created_at | |
| 31 | + | super().__init__(*args, **kwargs) | |
| 32 | + | ||
| 33 | + | def update_timestamp(self): | |
| 34 | + | """ 更新 updated_at 時間 """ | |
| 35 | + | self.updated_at = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc).isoformat() | |
| 36 | + | self.log(f"更新時間標記: {self.updated_at}") | |
| 37 | + | ||
| 38 | + | class DatabaseMixin: | |
| 39 | + | """ 提供資料儲存，支援 JSON 持久化、本機快取 """ | |
| 40 | + | _database = {} | |
| 41 | + | ||
| 42 | + | def save(self): | |
| 43 | + | """ 儲存物件至模擬資料庫 """ | |
| 44 | + | DatabaseMixin._database[self.name] = json.dumps(self.__dict__, default=str) | |
| 45 | + | self.log(f"資料已儲存: {self.name}") | |
| 46 | + | ||
| 47 | + | @classmethod | |
| 48 | + | def get(cls, name): | |
| 49 | + | """ 從資料庫中獲取物件 """ | |
| 50 | + | data = cls._database.get(name, None) | |
| 51 | + | return json.loads(data) if data else None | |
| 52 | + | ||
| 53 | + | class PermissionMixin: | |
| 54 | + | """ 提供基於角色的權限管理 (RBAC) """ | |
| 55 | + | ||
| 56 | + | _roles_permissions = { | |
| 57 | + | "admin": ["create", "read", "update", "delete"], | |
| 58 | + | "editor": ["create", "read", "update"], | |
| 59 | + | "viewer": ["read"] | |
| 60 | + | } | |
| 61 | + | ||
| 62 | + | def __init__(self, role="viewer", *args, **kwargs): | |
| 63 | + | self.role = role | |
| 64 | + | self.permissions = self._roles_permissions.get(role, []) | |
| 65 | + | super().__init__(*args, **kwargs) | |
| 66 | + | ||
| 67 | + | def has_permission(self, perm): | |
| 68 | + | """ 檢查是否擁有指定權限 """ | |
| 69 | + | return perm in self.permissions | |
| 70 | + | ||
| 71 | + | def change_role(self, new_role): | |
| 72 | + | """ 更新角色權限 """ | |
| 73 | + | self.role = new_role | |
| 74 | + | self.permissions = self._roles_permissions.get(new_role, []) | |
| 75 | + | self.log(f"角色變更為 {new_role}，新權限: {self.permissions}") | |
| 76 | + | ||
| 77 | + | class EventMixin: | |
| 78 | + | """ 提供同步與非同步事件監聽 """ | |
| 79 | + | _events = {} | |
| 80 | + | ||
| 81 | + | @classmethod | |
| 82 | + | def on(cls, event_name, callback, async_mode=False): | |
| 83 | + | """ 訂閱事件，支援同步或非同步 """ | |
| 84 | + | if event_name not in cls._events: | |
| 85 | + | cls._events[event_name] = [] | |
| 86 | + | cls._events[event_name].append((callback, async_mode)) | |
| 87 | + | ||
| 88 | + | @classmethod | |
| 89 | + | def trigger(cls, event_name, *args, **kwargs): | |
| 90 | + | """ 觸發事件 """ | |
| 91 | + | if event_name in cls._events: | |
| 92 | + | for callback, async_mode in cls._events[event_name]: | |
| 93 | + | if async_mode: | |
| 94 | + | threading.Thread(target=callback, args=args, kwargs=kwargs).start() | |
| 95 | + | else: | |
| 96 | + | callback(*args, **kwargs) | |
| 97 | + | ||
| 98 | + | class ExceptionHandlingMixin: | |
| 99 | + | """ 提供異常處理與回復策略 """ | |
| 100 | + | ||
| 101 | + | def handle_exception(self, func, *args, **kwargs): | |
| 102 | + | """ 捕獲異常並記錄 """ | |
| 103 | + | try: | |
| 104 | + | return func(*args, **kwargs) | |
| 105 | + | except Exception as e: | |
| 106 | + | self.log(f"發生異常: {e}") | |
| 107 | + | traceback.print_exc() | |
| 108 | + | ||
| 109 | + | class AuditMixin: | |
| 110 | + | """ 追蹤所有變更，提供完整審計歷史 """ | |
| 111 | + | _audit_log = [] | |
| 112 | + | ||
| 113 | + | def audit(self, action, details): | |
| 114 | + | """ 記錄審計日誌 """ | |
| 115 | + | record = { | |
| 116 | + | "timestamp": datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc).isoformat(), | |
| 117 | + | "user": self.name, | |
| 118 | + | "action": action, | |
| 119 | + | "details": details | |
| 120 | + | } | |
| 121 | + | self._audit_log.append(record) | |
| 122 | + | self.log(f"審計記錄: {record}") | |
| 123 | + | ||
| 124 | + | class User(LoggingMixin, TimestampMixin, DatabaseMixin, PermissionMixin, EventMixin, ExceptionHandlingMixin, AuditMixin): | |
| 125 | + | """ Grandmaster User 類別，擁有完整的日誌、權限、事件、異常處理與審計功能 """ | |
| 126 | + | ||
| 127 | + | def __init__(self, name, role="viewer", log_to_file=False): | |
| 128 | + | super().__init__(role=role, log_to_file=log_to_file) | |
| 129 | + | self.name = name | |
| 130 | + | self.log(f"User '{self.name}' 已建立，角色: {self.role}") | |
| 131 | + | ||
| 132 | + | def update_name(self, new_name): | |
| 133 | + | """ 更新使用者名稱，並觸發事件與審計記錄 """ | |
| 134 | + | self.audit("update_name", {"old_name": self.name, "new_name": new_name}) | |
| 135 | + | self.log(f"名稱從 '{self.name}' 變更為 '{new_name}'") | |
| 136 | + | old_name = self.name | |
| 137 | + | self.name = new_name | |
| 138 | + | self.update_timestamp() | |
| 139 | + | self.trigger("user_updated", old_name, new_name) | |
| 140 | + | ||
| 141 | + | # 測試範例 | |
| 142 | + | if __name__ == "__main__": | |
| 143 | + | # 訂閱事件（同步與非同步） | |
| 144 | + | def on_user_updated(old_name, new_name): | |
| 145 | + | print(f"🔔 使用者名稱變更通知: {old_name} → {new_name}") | |
| 146 | + | ||
| 147 | + | User.on("user_updated", on_user_updated) | |
| 148 | + | User.on("user_updated", lambda o, n: print(f"📡 非同步通知: {o} → {n}"), async_mode=True) | |
| 149 | + | ||
| 150 | + | # 建立使用者 | |
| 151 | + | user1 = User("Alice", role="editor", log_to_file=True) | |
| 152 | + | user1.save() # 儲存到模擬資料庫 | |
| 153 | + | ||
| 154 | + | # 更新名稱 | |
| 155 | + | user1.update_name("Alice_Wonderland") | |
| 156 | + | ||
| 157 | + | # 檢查權限 | |
| 158 | + | print(f"Alice 是否有 'read' 權限？{user1.has_permission('read')}") | |
| 159 | + | print(f"Alice 是否有 'delete' 權限？{user1.has_permission('delete')}") | |
| 160 | + | ||
| 161 | + | # 變更角色 | |
| 162 | + | user1.change_role("admin") | |
| 163 | + | ||
| 164 | + | # 從資料庫取得使用者 | |
| 165 | + | retrieved_user = User.get("Alice_Wonderland") | |
| 166 | + | if retrieved_user: | |
| 167 | + | print(f"從資料庫取得使用者: {retrieved_user}") | |
| 168 | + | ||
| 169 | + | # 測試異常處理 | |
| 170 | + | user1.handle_exception(lambda: 1 / 0) # 觸發除零錯誤 | |
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